Uko wategura “Business Plan” y’umushinga wawe

Mu nyandiko twabagejejeho mbere twababwiye ko umuntu ushaka gukora umushinga agomba gutegura gahunda y’uwo mushinga ari yo dukunda kwita mu Cyongereza “business plan”.

Gutangira umushinga nta “business plan” ni nko gutangira urugendo utazi iyo werekeje. Ni nko kugenda utazi aho ugana.  “Business Plan” ni ngombwa mu gihe utegura umushinga wawe kuko niryo shingiro ry’umushinga uwo ari wo wose.

Uyu munsi tugiye kugaragaza ibintu by’ibanze bijya muri “business plan”. Turagaragaza muri buri gice ibintu bijyamo mu rwego rwo gufasha abasoma inyandiko zacu kwikorera “business plan”:

1) Incamake y’umushinga wawe (Executive Summary)

Muri ki gice, ugaragaza mu ncamake amakuru y’ibanze ku mushinga wawe, ukagaragaza icyo umushinga ugamije, serivisi cyangwa ibicuruzwa umushinga uzatanga, amakuru ku miyoborere y’umushinga wawe, abakozi bawo n’aho ukorera.

2) Ibisobanuro ku mushinga (Business Description)

Muri iki gice, utanga amakuru arambuye ku mushinga wawe. Ugaragaza ibibazo umushinga uzakemura. Uko uzabikemura n’ibikorwa uzakora kugira ngo ibyo bizabo bikemuke. Muri iki gice ugaragaza kandi ibisobanuro by’aho uzakorera n’uburyo uwo mushinga uzahagirira akamaro.

3) Isesengura ry’isoko (Market Analysis)

Muri iki gice, ugaragaza uko isoko ry’ibicuruzwa na serivisi utanga rihagaze. Ni ngombwa ko mbere yo gutangira umushinga ubanza ugakora isuzuma cyangwa ubushakashatsi ku ngano y’abazakenera serivisi utanga n’abazagura ibicuruzwa byawe.

Muri iki gice kandi ugaragaza ibyo abakora nk’ibyo ukora basanzwe bakora, uko bakora n’uburyo nawe uzashobora gukorana na bo cyangwa guhanganira na bo isoko.

4) Imiyoborere n’imiterere y’umushinga

Muri iki gice cya business plan ugaragaza mu buryo burambuye uko umushinga wawe uzaba uyobowe n’inzego z’ubuyobozi zawo (structure and organization). Ni byiza kandi ko ugaragaza imiterere y’umushinga wawe mu rwego rw’amategeko; ukagaragaza niba ari umushinga uhuriweho na benshi, ari uwawe ku giti cyawe, ari sosiyete y’ubucuruzi n’ibindi. (group, limited, corporation, …).

Muri iki gice kandi ugaragaza igishushanyo cy’imiterere y’imyanya y’abakozi n’abayobozi ba Kompanyi yawe byaba ngombwa ugashyiraho n’inshingano za buri mukozi.

5) Ibisobanuro kuri serivisi n’ibicuruzwa (Service and product line)

Muri iki gice usobanuro mu buryo bwimbitse serivisi utanga n’ibicuruzwa ucuruza. Usobanura kandi uburyo izo serivisi zizagirira akamaro abaturage ku buryo bazazitabira. Usobanura kandi uburyo igicuruzwa cyawe cyangwa serivisi yawe bikora n’uko bikoreshwa mu buryo burambuye.

Iyo ari serivisi nshya, igicuruzwa wahanze cyangwa wavumbuye kitari gisanzwe ku isoko, ni ngombwa guteganya no gusobanura uburyo uzacyandikisha mu bashinzwe kwandika umutungo mu by’ubwenge.

6) Uburyo bwo kwamamaza no gucuruza (Marketing and selling strategy)

Muri iki gice ugaragaza uburyo uzakoresha mu kwamamaza, kumenyekanisha no gucuruza serivisi cyangwa ibicuruzwa byawe. Ugaragaza uburyo uzakoresha mu gukangurira abantu kugura ibicuruzwa byawe n’uburyo uzakoresha kugira ngo bakomeze babigure mu gihe kirambye. Usobanura kandi n’uburyo uzagurisha cyangwa uzacuruza serivisi n’ibicuruzwa byawe.

7) Ingengo y’imari

“Business plan” yose igomba kugira iki gice. Muri iki gice ugaragaza aho uzakura igishoro cy’umushinga wawe. Ugaragaza niba ari amafaranga wizigamye, niba ari inguzanyo uzasaba cyangwa niba ari umushinga uzafatanya n’abandi bafitemo imigabane. Ugaragaza kandi n’ingano y’amafaranga uzakenera ukagaragaza n’ibikorwa by’ingezi ayo mafaranga azakora.

Muri iki gice kandi ugaragaza uburyo uzishyura inguzanyo wafashe.

8) Gahunda y’umushinga mu gihe kiri imbere (project future projections)

Hari abantu benshi bakunda kwibagirwa iki gice, ariko ni ingenzi mu gutegura “business plan”. Muri iki gice ni ho ugaragaza uko uteganya kwagura umushinga wawe, uko uteganya ko umushinga uzunguka n’uburyo uzitwara mu gihe umushinga wungutse cyangwa uhombye.

Burya hari n’igihe umushinga wunguka ariko ntutere imbere kubera ko mu kuwutegura utateganyije icyo uzakoresha inyungu zizava mu mushinga. Muri iki gice kandi ugaragaza gahunda y’uko uzakoresha amafaranga n’uburyo uzacunga ibihombo n’inyungu nibura mu gihe cy’imyaka itanu.

Icyo ugomba kwitaho ni ukubahiriza umurongo wihaye mu gihe wateguraga iyi “business plan” kandi ugaharanira kwagura no guteza imbere umushinga wawe.

9) Imigereka

Kuri “business plan” kandi wongeraho inyandiko z’imigereka zisobanura kurushaho umushinga wawe. Ingero: Icyemezo cy’uko wandikishije umushinga, “CV” n’ibyangombwa by’abakozi, inyandiko zigaragaza “statut” y’umushinga, ibyangombwa bijyanye n’umushinga n’ibindi.

Iyi nyandiko yagaragaje ibice by’ingenzi bijya muri “business plan”. Mu bihe biri imbere tuzakomeza kubagezaho ubumenyi bwimbitse bwabafasha gutegura “business plan”.

Niba wifuza ko tugufasha gukora Business Plan, TWANDIKIRE HANO tugufashe.

Mugire amahoro.

Ubwanditsi bwa imbere.rw

Tel: +250785115126