Ubworozi buri mu mishinga ikomeye itanga umusaruro kandi igateza imbere abayikora. Ubworozi ubwo ari bwo bwose bukozwe kinyamwuga bushobora kukugira umukire mu gihe gito. Mu nyandiko y’uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku bworozi bw’inkoko zitanga inyama.
1) Ni ubuhe bwoko bw’inkoko zitanga inyama bwororwa mu Rwanda?
Inkoko zose zitanga inyama dukunda kuzita “broiler” mu rurimi rw’icyongereza (Broiler Chickens). Izo nkoko zibamo amoko atandukanye. Azwi cyane yororerwa mu Rwanda twavuga nk’inkoko zo mu bwoko bwa “Cobb 500”.
Inkoko zo mu bwoko bwa Cobb 500 zirangwa no kuba zifite ibara ryera. Nizo nkoko zitanga inyama zizwiho gutanga umusaruro kurusha izindi zo mu bwoko bw’izitanga inyama. Ikindi cyiza cyazo ni uko zoroha kuzitaho ugereranyije n’izindi. Ziziwho kandi gukura vuba no kuba kuzigaburira byoroha ugereranyije n’izindi.
Muri rusange inkoko z’inyama zitangira kubagwa zipima ibiro bibiri (2kg) iyo ibaze. Inkokoy’inyama yitaweho neza ishobora kukira ibiro nibura mu gihe cy’ibyumweru 6. Bitewe n’ibyifuzo by’abaguzi ariko zishobora kubagwa zitarageza ibi biro cyangwa zarabirengeje.
KANDA HANO TUGUFASHE GUTEGURA UMUSHINGA
2) Inkoko zitanga inyama zororerwa he?
Uburyo busanzwe bwo korora inkoko ni ukuzororera mu biraro. Cyane cyane inkoko zitanga inyama, uburyo bwiza bwo kuzorora ni ukuzishyira mu biraro. Iikiraro cy’inkoko gifasha kurinda inkoko imiyaga, ubushyuhe cyangwa ubukonje bukabije. Gifasha kandi kuzirinda imvura, kuzirinda inyamaswa zishobora kuzirya nk’imbwa n’injangwe, ibisiga bizirya n’ibindi byonnyi.
3) Ni gute wakubaka ikiraro cy’inkoko zitanga inyama?
Ubworozi bw’inkoko zitanga inyama bukenera kwitabwaho cyane kugira ngo inkoko zikure neza kandi zikurire ahantu hari isuku. Inzu y’inkoko cyangwa ikiraro cy’inkoko kigira ibice byinshi birimo: inzu inkoko zibamo; igice kibikwamo ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu bworozi, igice kibikwamo ibitunga inkoko, ndetse n’ibindi bikenerwa mu bworozi buri munsi.
Ingano y’ikiraro cy’inkoko iterwa n’umubare w’inkoko umworozi ashaka korora hakurikijwe ibipimo byabugenewe kandi inzu yubakishwa ibikoresho binyuranye bitewe n’ibiboneka mu gace umworozi arimo cyangwa ubushobozi bw’ushaka korora inkoko.
4) Ibyibandwaho mu kubaka ikiraro
Ikiraro cy’inkoko zitanga inyama kigomba kuba cyubatswe ku buryo inkoko zibaho zisanzuye kandi mu mutuzo. Ikiraro kigomba kuba cyubatse kandi ku buryo inkoko zibona urumuri ruhagije, umwuka ukwiye ndetse n’ubushyuhe bukwiye.
Mu kubaka inzu y’inkoko kandi, hibandwa cyane kureba icyerekezo cy’umuyaga n’amahuhezi kugira ngo byitabweho mu kumenya aho inzu izerekeza mu rwego rwo kurinda inkoko. Amadirishya n’imiryango bigomba kureba mu cyerekezo kitarimo izuba ryinshi n’umuyaga.
Ikiraro cy’inkoko zitanga inyama kigomba kandi gushyirwaho imiryango n’amadirishya ahagije kugira ngo inkoko zibone umwuka mwiza uhagije kandi binazirinde kugira ubushyuhe bukabije. Mu bworozi bwa kijyambere kandi, ikiraro kigomba kuba gifite ahantu hashyirwa umuti wo gukandagiramo igihe cyose hari ugiye kwinjira mu kiraro.
Ikiraro cyororerwamo inkoko z’inyama kigomba kandi guhora kibona neza. Ku manywa hagomba kuba habona neza ndetse na nijoro hakaba harimo amatara atuma gihora cyaka.
5) Ibipimo bikurikizwa mu kubaka ikiraro cy’inkoko
Dufatiye ku rugero rw’ikiraro kijyamo inkoko 1000, icyo kiraro kigomba kuba nibura gifite ibipimo bikurikira:
– Metero 20 z’uburebure na metero 10 z’ubugari;
– Kuva kuri fondasiyo (ku butaka) hari ubuhagarike bwa sentimetero (cm) ziri hagati ya 75 cm na metero 1,5 (1,5m=150cm).
– Igice cy’amadirishya kigomba kujya hejuru ya ya metero 1,5m yubakishije amatafari ayo ari yo yose cyangwa ibindi bikoresho byubaka urukuta.
– Inzu yose igomba kuba ifite byibura ubuhagarike bungana na metero 2,5m kugeza kuri 3m uvuye kuri fondasiyo.
-Inkuta z’ikiraro zigomba kuba ziteye sima kandi zisennye neza mu rwego rw’isuku.
– Urubaraza rw’ikiraro rugomba kuba rukizengurutse kandi rufite nibura 50cm.
-Ikiraro kigomba kuba gisakaye neza kandi kitava.
6) Ingengo y’imari y’ubworozi bw’inkoko zitanga inyama:
Dufatiye na none ku rugero rw’inkoko 1000, imbonerahamwe zikurikira ziragaragaza iby’ibanze bisaba amafaranga kugira ngo utangire umushinga wo korora inkoko:
1. ISAMBU, INYUBAKO, IBIRARO
| IBIKENEWE | INGANO | IGICIRO CYA KIMWE (Frw) | IGICIRO CYOSE (Frw) |
| Isambu yo korereramo | 1ha | 5,000,000 | 5,000,000 |
| Ikiraro cy’inkoko 1000 | 1 | 2,00,000 | 2,000,000 |
| Inzu yo gukoreramo ibiryo na stock | 1 | 1,000,000 | 1,000,000 |
| IGITERANYO (A) | 8,000,000 |
2. IBIKORESHO
| IBIKENEWE | INGANO | IGICIRO CYA KIMWE (Frw) | IGICIRO CYOSE (Frw) |
| Uburiro (Ibyo kuriramo) | 20 | 2,000 | 40,000 |
| Ibyo kunyweramo amazi | 20 | 2,000 | 40,000 |
| Imbabura zo kwita ku mishwi | 5 | 20,000 | 100,000 |
| Ibigega by’amazi | 2 | 500,000 | 1,000,000 |
| Amajerakani | 5 | 2,000 | 10,000 |
| Ibikoresho by’isuku | Estimate | 120,000 | |
| Imashini ikora ibiryo by’inkoko (grinding machine) | 1 | 4,000,000 | 4,000,000 |
| IGITERANYO (B) | 5,310,000 |
3. KUGURA IMISHWI
| IBIKENEWE | INGANO | IGICIRO CYA KIMWE (Frw) | IGICIRO CYOSE (Frw) |
| Kugura imishwi | 1,000 | 1,000,000 | 1,000,000 |
| Transport y’imishwi | 1 | 100,000 | 200,000 |
| IGITERANYO (C) | 1,200,000 |
4. KUGABURIRA INKOKO (mu gihe cy’iminsi 30)
| IBIKENEWE | INGANO MU KWEZI | IGICIRO CYA KIMWE | IGICIRO MU MINSI 30 (Frw) |
| Ibiryo by’inkoko 1000 mu minsi 30 | 10,000kg (estimate) | 500 | 5,00,000 |
| Amazi mu minsi 30 | 15,000 L | 20 | 300,000 |
| IGITERANYO (D) | 5,300,000 |
5. IMITI N’INKINGO
| IBIKENEWE | INGANO | IGICIRO CYA KIMWE (Frw) | IGICIRO CYOSE (Frw) |
| Imiti (yose hamwe) | (estimate) | 400,000 | |
| Inkingo (zose hamwe) | (estimate) | 800,000 | |
| IGITERANYO (E) | 1,200,000 |
6. ABAKOZI (GUHEMBA ABAKOZI)
| UMUKOZI | UMUBARE | UMUSHAHARA MU KWEZI | IGITERANYO |
| Veterinnaire | 1 | 60,000 | 60,000 |
| Abakozi ba buri munsi | 2 | 30 | 60,000 |
| Umuzamu | 1 | 40,000 | 40,000 |
| IGITERANYO (F) | 160,000 |
IGITERANYO CYOSE: A+B+C+D+E+F= 8,000,000+5,310,000+1,200,000+5,300,000+1,200,000+160,000= 21,170,000 Frw
Icyitonderwa: Izi mbonerahamwe twagaragaje ni ingero za bimwe mu bikenerwa mu gukora ubworozi bw’inkoko. Si itegeko ko ibyo twagaragaje byose nawe ubikoresha mu mushinga wawe cyangwa se ngo ingengo y’imari twagaragaje ube ari yo ukoresha. Uru ni urugero twatanze.
Ikindi twakongeraho ni uko amafaranga yose waba ufite ushobora gutangira ubworozi bw’inkoko. Si ngombwa kuba ufite za miliyoni nyinshi kugira ngo utangire ubu bworozi. Icya ngombwa ni ukugira ubushake no kumenya gukurikirana no kwita ku bworozi bwawe.
KANDA HANO TUGUKORERE UMUSHINGA W’UBWOROZI BW’INKOKO
SOMA IZINDI NYANDIKO KURI URU RUBUGA
Mugire amahoro.
Ubwanditsi bwa imbere.rw
Email: imbere2020@gmail.com
Website: www.imbere.rw
