Mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe n’Ikigo cyo muri Amerika gikora Ibarura ry’Abakozi (US Bureau of Labour Statistics) mu mwaka 2021, byagaragaye ko 60% by’imishinga mishya ihomba mu myaka 2 ya mbere, 45% by’imishinga mishya igahomba mu myaka 5 ya mbere naho 20% by’imishinga mishya igahomba mu myaka 10. Iki kigo cyagaragaje ko 25% gusa by’imishinga mishya ari yo ishobora kudahomba kandi ikabasha kubaho mu gihe kirenze imyaka 15.
Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku mpamvu zituma imishinga myinshi ihomba igitangira:
1) Gukora umushinga nta genzura ry’isoko wakoze (Market research)
Imishinga myinshi yahombye ni uko yakozwe hatabanje gukorwa igenzura ry’isoko. Ni byiza ko niba ugiye gukora umushinga ubanza ugakora ubushakashatsi ku ngano y’abazakenera ibyo ugiye gukora, ukamenya abakora ibimeze kimwe n’ibyo ugiye gukora ukanamenya n’ingano y’ibikenewe ku isoko.
Si byiza gutangira umushinga utazi neza uko isoko rijyanye na wo rihagaze. Niwabikora uzaba nawe ufite ibyago byinshi byo kuba umushinga wawe wahomba.
2) Kudakora cyangwa gukora nabi gahunda y’umushinga (Business plan)
“Business plan” niwo mutima cyangwa umutwe w’umushinga uwo ari wo wose. Ni yo igufasha kugena imiterere y’umushinga, intego zawo, uburyo umushinga uzaguka, ingano y’igishoro uzakoresha, uburyo uzakemura imbogamizi uzahura na zo n’ibindi. Iyo wakoze “business plan” rero, ugomba kuyikora neza kandi ukayikurikiza. Iyo wayikoze nabi cyangwa se ntuyikurikize, byanze bikunze umushinga wawe urahomba.
3) Kubura igishoro gihagije
Hari imishinga myinshi ihomba kubera ko abayiteguye babuze igishoro aho bari bakizeye. Iyo bigenze gutyo, abantu benshi bihutira kujya gusaba inguzanyo, ariko byagaragaye ko gufata inguzanyo y’umushinga ugitangira utaramara n’igihe uwukora, na byo bishobora gutuma uhomba mu gihe gito.
4) Gukorera umushinga ahantu hatajyanye nawo
Iyo uteganya gukora umushinga, ni byiza ko unakora isuzuma ry’aho ugiye kuwukorera kugira ngo umenye ibibazo bihari n’ibisubizo umushinga wawe uzazana ku bibazo bihari. Niba ugiye gukora umushinga ni ngombwa ko umenya niba uzawukorera mu cyaro cyangwa mu Mujyi. Ni ngombwa ko umenya ibikoresho n’ibikorwaremezo umushinga wawe uzakenera kugira ngo uhitemo aho uzawukorera.
5) Gutsimbarara no kutajyana n’igihe
Abantu bakora “business” bazwiho kuba ari abantu bajyana n’igihe kandi bakamenya ibyo bahindura cyangwa bongera mu mushinga wabo bitewe n’imbogamizi bahuye nazo cyangwa aho ibihe bigeze.
Indi mpamvu ituma imishinga myinshi ihomba ni uko abayikora babonamo imbogamizi ntibemere gukosora cyangwa guhindura uburyo bakoraga. Niba ukora “business” ugomba kwemera kugira ibyo uhindura cyangwa ibyo wongeramo bitewe n’ibibazo cyangwa imbogamizi wahuye nazo.
6) Kwaguka vuba cyangwa gutera imbere vuba k’umushina
Burya iyo umushinga wawe wagutse vuba cyangwa ugahita utera imbere vuba, nabyo bishobora gutuma nyuma y’igihe uhomba.
Iyo umushinga utangiye kubyara inyungu, bisaba ko na nyiri kuwukora agenda yiyungura ubumenyi mu buryo bwo gucunga uwo mushinga. Hari igihe rero umushinga waguka ukarusha ingufu nyirawo, bikarangira ahombye cyangwa adashoboye kuwuha icyerekezo.
Hari n’abantu bakora umushinga, babona ubyara inyungu bagatangira kugabanya ubwiza bw’ibyo bakoraga kubera ko bigurwa cyane. Hari n’abananirwa guhaza isoko riba rikeneye ibyo bakora cyangwa serivisi batanga. Ibyo na byo bishobora gutuma uwo mushinga uhomba.
Nubwo twabonye ko imishinga myinshi ihomba itaramara igihe, birashoboka ko umushinga wateguwe neza waramba kandi ugatanga inyungu ku wawukoze. Niba ugiye gukora umushinga banza wige isoko, ugenzure agace ugiye gukoreramo, kandi utegure umushinga wawe neza.
Mugire amahoro.
Ubwanditsi bwa imbere.rw
