Gutegura gahunda y’umushinga cyangwa business plan ni imwe mu ntambwe za mbere zo gukora umushinga. Waba ugiye gutangira umushinga mushya cyangwa se ufite umushinga usanzwe ukora, ni ngombwa ko uwukorera business plan. Business plan ifasha nyirumushinga kumva neza umushinga we no kumenya neza ibikorwa agomba gukora, agushyiraho gahunda yabyo. Si byiza gukora umushinga udafite icyerekezo cyawo. Biragoye ko umushinga wawe watera imbere utarawuteguriye gahunda.
Imishinga tuvuga hano ni ibikorwa byose umuntu ateganya gukora byaba ibibyara inyungu cyangwa ibitabyara inyungu. Ingero: Ushobora kuba ushaka gushinga uruganda, ushaka gutangira umushinga w’ubuhinzi cyangwa ubworozi, ari umushinga w’ubucuruzi bw’ibintu cyangwa serivise zitandukanye, ari umushinga w’ikoranabuhanga cyangwa n’ibindi bikorwa bidatanga inyungu nko gushinga umuryango utari uwa leta (NGO), gushinga ikipe, gushinga ishuri, gushinga idini cyangwa itorero n’ibindi byinshi. Umushinga uwo ari wo wose ushaka gukora uba ugomba kuwukorera gahunda y’ibikorwa ari yo dukunda kwita business plan cyangwa project plan mu Cyongereza.
Mu nyandiko y’uyu munsi tugiye kurebera hamwe icyo business plan ari cyo, akamaro kayo, ibice by’ingenzi bishyirwa muri business plan, uko business plan itegurwa n’uburyo ishyirwa mu bikorwa.
KANDA HANO TUGUFASHE GUTEGURA BUSINESS PLAN
Business plan ni iki?
Mu magambo make, business plan ni gahunda y’umushinga wawe mu gihe runaka. Business plan ni inyadiko isobanura icyerekerezo cy’umushinga wawe mu gihe runaka. Business plan igaragaza intego (objectives or targets) z’umushinga wawe n’ibikorwa (activities) uzakora kugira ngo ugere kuri izo ntego. Business plan igaragaza kandi igihe ibyo bikorwa bizashyirirwa mu bikorwa n’ingengo y’imari bizatwara.
Business plan ishobora gukorwa n’inzego za leta, amakompanyi akora ubucuruzi butandukanye, imiryango idaharanira inyungu (NGO), abantu bafite imishinga ku giti cyabo n’abandi. Muri iki gihe umuntu wese ugiye gukora igikorwa cyangwa ugiye gutangira umushinga, aba akwiye kubanza gutegura gahunda y’icyo gikorwa cyangwa business plan yacyo.
Business plan ushobora kuyitegurira cyangwa ugasaba ababizobereye bakayigutegurira. Mu gihe wayikoresheje, ni ngombwa ko abayikoze bayigusobanurira neza kugira ngo uzabashe kuyishyira mu bikorwa.
Ni akahe kamaro ka business plan ku mushinga wawe?
Business plan ni ikintu cy’ingenzi ku mushinga uwo ari wo wose. Business plan niyo igena ibikorwa by’umushinga wawe. Niyo itanga imirongo migari n’inzira ugomba gukurikiza kugira ngo ukore umushinga wawe kandi ugere ku ntego wihaye.
Muri make business plan igira akamaro mu buryo bukurikira:
1) Igaragaza ibikorwa uzakora kugira ngo umushinga wawe ugere ku ntego yawo
2) Business plan ituma wumva neza umushinga ugiye gukora mbere yo kuwushoramo amafaranga yawe;
3) Ishobora gutuma umushinga wawe udahomba kuko iba yagufashije kuwumva neza;
4) Business plan igufasha kumenya imbogamizi uzahura nazo mu mushinga wawe, bityo ukaba wazirinda mbere y’uko zigaragara;
5) Business plan ifasha gukurikirana umushinga wawe.
6) Igira uruhare mu kwagura umushinga no kuwuteza imbere.
7) Business plan ni kimwe mu burebwa na banki cyangwa abaterankunga iyo bashaka gushyigikira umushinga wawe cyangwa kuguha inguzanyo.
Business plan itegurwa ite?
Nk’uko twabivuze haruguru, business plan ni inyandiko igaragaza icyerekezo n’ibikorwa by’umushinga wawe. Ushobora kuyitegurira wowe ubwawe cyangwa ugaha akazi abahanga mu byo gutegura business plan.
Mu gitegura business plan, ugomba kwibanda ku kumenya neza umushinga ugiye gukora. Aha niho uganira n’abasanzwe bakora uwo mushinga cyangwa abakora imishinga isa nawo. Ahandi wakura amakuru atuma umenya neza ibijyanye n’uwo mushinga ni ugusoma ibitabo binyuranye, gushaka amakuru kuri interineti n’ahandi. Mu gihe uri gukora business plan y’umushinga wari umaze igihe uriho, ni byiza ko uganira n’abakozi, abayobozi n’abagenerwabikorwa cyangwa abakiliya b’uwo mushinga kugira ngo wumve icyerekezo bafite n’icyo biteze ku mushinga.
Iyo umaze kumenya amakuru y’ibanze ku mushinga, utangira gutegura inyandiko ya business plan. Business plan zitegurwa mu buryo butandukanye bitewe n’uwaziteguye. Habaho kandi inyandiko zinyuranye wagenderaho utegura Business plan ushobora kwifashisha. Icyo ugomba kwitwararika ni uko mu gihe utegura bisiness plan y’umushinga wawe utagomba guterura inyandiko ubonye yose. Bisaba ko wandika ibintu wumva uzabasha gusobanura kandi ukazabasha no kubishyira mu bikorwa. Byaragaragaye ko hari umuntu ubwira kugutegurira business plan akagenda agaterura iyo akuye kuri interineti agashyiramo amazina ya Kompanyi yawe atabanje kuyisoma no kumva neza ko ijyanye n’umunshinga ari gukora n’aho awukorera.
Ni ibihe bice by’ingenzi bigize Business plan
Busenss plan ijyamo amakuru anyuranye bitewe n’uwayikoze n’icyo iyo business plan igamije. Gusa hari ibice by’ingezi bigomba kuba bigize business plan iyo ari yo yose. Ibyo bice ni ibi bikurikira:
1) Amakuru y’ibanze ku mushinga: Iki gice kigaragaza incamake y’umushinga n’ibice by’ingenzi biwugize.
2) Amakuru y’ibanze kuri Kompanyi cyangwa umuntu ukora umushinga. Muri iki gice hagaragazwa ukora umushinga mu buryo burambuye, igihe amaze akora na serivise atanga.
3) Intego z’umushinga: Muri iki gice niho hagaragazwa intego z’umushinga mu gihe runaka.
4) Nyuma yo kugaragaza intego ugaragaza ibikorwa by’ingenzi by’umushinga. Ibi bikorwa bijyana na buri ntego. Kuri buri ntego ugaragaza ibikorwa bizatuma uyigeraho.
5) Guahunda y’ibikorwa. Buri gikorwa ugaragaza igihe kizakorerwa cyangwa igihe kizaba cyashyizwe mu bikorwa.
6) Ingengo y’imari. Iki gice kigaragaza amafaranga azakenerwa kuri buri gikorwa n’igiteranyo cyose cy’amafaranga azakoreshwa mu mushinga wawe.
7) Uburyo bwo kwamamaza no kumenyekanisha umushinga.
8) Uburyo bwo gukurikirana no gusuzuma ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’umushinga (Monitoring and evaluation plan)
Mu bindi bishyirwa muri business plan harimo isesengura ry’imbaraga, ingufu n’intege nke z’umushinga (SWOT anaysis), Uburyo bwo kwagura umushinga, n’andi makuru yose wumva yaba ari ngombwa ku mushinga wawe.
IBYINGENZI BISHYIRWA MURI BUSINESS PLAN
Ni gute Business plan ishyirwa mu bikorwa?
Business Plan ni nk’inzira cyangwa umuhanda w’umushinga wawe. Mu gushyira mu bikorwa business plan ugomba kubahiriza ibikorwa byose wateganyije kandi ukabikorera igihe wateganyije ko uzabikorera. Uburyo bwiza bwo gushyira mu bikorwa business plan ni ukuyikirikiza nta na kimwe wirengagije.
Iyo bibaye ngombwa kandi, ushobora kuvugurura business plan yawe nyuma y’imyaka runaka uyikoresha. Gusa mu kuyivugurura ugomba kwirinda ko watakaza icyerekezo cyangwa intego umushinga wawe wari ufite.
Mu gusoza iyi nyandiko turongera gusubiramo ko ari byiza ko mu gihe ugiye gukora umushinga wawe ubanza ugategura business plan yawo. Ibyo bizagufasha kumva neza umushinga wawe, kuwukurikirana no kwirinda ko wahomba kubera ko wakoze umushinga utabanje kuwumva neza.
KANDA HANO TUGUFASHE GUTEGURA BUSINESS PLAN
TWANDIKIRE CYANGWA UDUHAMAGARE:
TELEFONE: +250785115126
Email: imbere2020@gmail.com
Website: www.imbere.rw
Mugire amahoro.
